Linux

admin

alias

ar

arch: Prints machine hardware name (same as uname -m)

asa

at

awk

b2sum: Computes and checks BLAKE2b message digest

base32: Encodes or decodes Base32, and prints result to standard output

base64: Encodes or decodes Base64, and prints result to standard output

basenc: Encodes or decodes various encodings like Hexadecimal, Base32, Base64, Z85 etc., and prints result to standard output

basename: Removes the path prefix from a given pathname

batch

bc

bg

cc/c17

cal

cat: Concatenates and prints files on the standard output

cd

cflow

chcon: Changes file security context (SELinux)

chgrp: Changes file group ownership

chown: Changes file ownership

chmod: Changes the permissions of a file or directory

chroot: Changes the root directory

cksum: Checksums (IEEE Ethernet CRC-32) and count the bytes in a file. Supersedes other *sum utilities with -a option from version 9.0.

cmp

comm: Compares two sorted files line by line

command

compress

cp: Copies a file or directory

crontab

csplit: Splits a file into sections determined by context lines

ctags

cut: Removes sections from each line of files

cxref

date: Prints or sets the system date and time

dd: Copies and converts a file

delta

df: Shows disk free space on file systems

diff

dir: Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.)

dirname: Strips non-directory suffix from file name

dircolors: Set up color for ls

du: Shows disk usage on file systems

echo: Displays a specified line of text

ed

env: Displays and modifies environment variables

ex

expand: Converts tabs to spaces

expr: Evaluates expressions

factor: Factors numbers

false: Does nothing, but exits unsuccessfully

fc

fg

file

find

fmt: Simple optimal text formatter

fold: Wraps each input line to fit in specified width

fuser

gencat

get

getconf

getopts

gettext

grep

groups: Prints the groups of which the user is a member

hash

head: Outputs the first part of files

hostid: Prints the numeric identifier for the current host

iconv

id: Prints real or effective UID and GID

install: Copies files and set attributes

ipcrm

ipcs

jobs

join: Joins lines of two files on a common field

kill

lex

link: Creates a link to a file

ln: Creates a link to a file

locale

localedef

logger

logname: Print the user's login name

lp

ls: Lists the files in a directory

m4

mailx

make

man

md5sum: Computes and checks MD5 message digest

mesg

mkdir: Creates a directory

mkfifo: Makes named pipes (FIFOs)

mknod: Makes block or character special files

mktemp: Creates a temporary file or directory

more

msgfmt

mv: Moves files or rename files

newgrp

ngettekt

nice: Modifies scheduling priority

nl: Numbers lines of files

nm

nohup: Allows a command to continue running after logging out

nproc: Queries the number of (active) processors

numfmt: Reformat numbers

od: Dumps files in octal and other formats

paste: Merges lines of files

patch

pathchk: Checks whether file names are valid or portable

pax

pinky: A lightweight version of finger

pr: Converts text files for printing

printf: Formats and prints data

printenv: Prints environment variables

prs

ptx: Produces a permuted index of file contents

ps

pwd: Prints the current working directory

read

readlink: Displays value of a symbolic link

realpath: Returns the resolved absolute or relative path for a file

renice

rm: Removes (deletes) files, directories, device nodes and symbolic links

rmdel

rmdir: Removes empty directories

runcon: Run command with specified security context

sact

sccs

sed

seq: Prints a sequence of numbers

sh

sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum: Computes and checks SHA-1/SHA-2 message digests

shred: Overwrites a file to hide its contents, and optionally deletes it

shuf: generate random permutations

sleep: Delays for a specified amount of time

sort: sort lines of text files

split: Splits a file into pieces

stat: Returns data about an inode

stdbuf: Controls buffering for commands that use stdio

strings

strip

stty: Changes and prints terminal line settings

sum: Checksums and counts the blocks in a file

sudo

sync: Flushes file system buffers

tabs

talk:

tac: Concatenates and prints files in reverse order line by line

tee: Sends output to multiple files

test: Evaluates an expression

time

timeout: Run a command with a time limit

touch: Changes file timestamps; creates file

tput

tr: Translates or deletes characters

true: Does nothing, but exits successfully

truncate: Shrink or extend the size of a file to the specified size

tsort: Performs a topological sort

tty: Prints terminal name

type

ulimit

umask

unalias

uname: Prints system information

uncompress

unexpand: Converts spaces to tabs

unget

uniq: Removes duplicate lines from a sorted file

unlink: Removes the specified file using the unlink function

uptime: Tells how long the system has been running

users: Prints the user names of users currently logged into the current host

uucp

uudecode

uuencode

uustat

uux

val

vdir: is exactly like "ls -l -b". (Files are by default listed in long format.)

vi

wait

wc: Prints the number of bytes, words, and lines in files

what

who: Prints a list of all users currently logged in

whoami: Prints the effective userid

write

xargs

xgettekt

yacc

yes: Prints a string repeatedly

zcat

[ A synonym for test; this program permits expressions like [ expression ].